On July 25th, an article published New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Nature pointed out that there is an important link between the signaling pathway that activates NLRP3 inflammasome and several severe chronic inflammatory diseases.

    Interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) is an inflammatory cytokine, and the production of IL-1beta is usually very low. With the onset of injury, environmental stress, infection or chronic inflammation, the production of IL-1beta is usually significantly increased. The production and secretion of IL-1beta is regulated by inflammatory bodies. In addition to containing the Caspase-1 enzyme, the inflammasome contains other sensor proteins that respond to different signals caused by tissue damage or pathogen infection. For example, NLRP3 is one of the most important and versatile sensors and responsible for inflammatory body activation and tissue damage as well as IL-1beta production.The drug that closes the NLRP3 inflammasome has been an effective drug for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease and cancer.

    Cytosine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2) plays an important role in NLRP3 activation and IL-1beta production before the onset of chronic inflammatory disease.

    CMPK2 inhibitors can improve inflammation, pain and tissue damage in patients with gout and osteoarthritis, for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

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